อัปเดต 2026-09-07

Pipe geometry

diameter · length · roughness

A pipe is set by its internal diameter, length, and wall roughness (plus material for a roughness default). These drive the friction loss.

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ค่าที่ต้องกรอก

ค่า	คำอธิบาย
Diameter	Internal diameter — the single most sensitive input (loss ∝ 1/D⁵).
Length	Developed length between nodes.
Roughness / material	Absolute roughness ε, or a material that supplies a default.

คำนวณอย่างไร

For each pipe we compute the Reynolds number from the velocity, diameter, and kinematic viscosity, pick a friction factor, then evaluate the Darcy–Weisbach head loss and feed it into the network energy balance.

สมการ

Reynolds number

R e = \frac{ρ v D}{μ} = \frac{v D}{ν}

Sets the flow regime — laminar (Re < 2300) or turbulent — and which friction correlation applies.

Darcy–Weisbach head loss

h_{f} = f \frac{L}{D} \frac{v ^{2}}{2 g}

f = friction factor, L = length, D = internal diameter, v = velocity. Loss scales with v² and, at fixed flow, with 1/D⁵.

ที่เกี่ยวข้อง

Friction models Minor losses & fittings Auto-size pipes

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